Determining the Adoption Levels of Renewable Energy Technologies in Adamawa State, Nigeria

This study determinesthe adoption levels of renewable energy technologies (RETs) in Adamawa State, Nigeria, employing a mixed-methods approach that integrated quantitative data from 348 valid questionnaires and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews with community leaders, government officials, renewable energy practitioners, and NGO representatives. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, and mean scores, were used to analyze quantitative data, while thematic analysis was applied to qualitative responses. Findings indicate that awareness of renewable energy is moderate, and perceptions toward its environmental and socio-economic benefits are generally positive; however, actual adoption remains low, particularly beyond small-scale solar applications. Socio-economic factors such as income, educational attainment, occupation, and residential location significantly influence adoption capacity, while structural and institutional challenges including high upfront costs, inadequate policy implementation, limited technical expertise, and insufficient financing mechanisms further constrain uptake. Respondents strongly endorsed solutions including subsidies, soft loans, public awareness campaigns, technical training programs, and multi-stakeholder collaboration to promote renewable energy adoption. The study concludes that while the foundation for renewable energy transition exists in Adamawa State, coordinated interventions addressing financial, technical, and policy barriers are necessary to convert awareness into widespread practical adoption and advance sustainable energy development in the region.